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Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich of Russia ((ロシア語:Александр Михайлович) ''Aleksandr Mikhailovich''; 13 April 1866 – 26 February 1933) was a dynast of the Russian Empire, a naval officer, an author, explorer, the brother-in-law of Emperor Nicholas II and advisor to him. ==Biography== Alexander was born in Tbilisi, Georgia, the son of Grand Duke Michael Nicolaievich of Russia, the youngest son of Nicholas I of Russia, and Grand Duchess Olga Feodorovna (Cecily of Baden). He was mostly known as "Sandro". Grand Duke Alexander was a naval officer. In his youth, he made a good-will visit to Japan on behalf of the Russian Empire, as well as to the Brazilian Empire. He married his first cousin's daughter, Grand Duchess Xenia Alexandrovna, the eldest daughter of Alexander III on the and was thus a brother-in-law of the last Tsar Nicholas II, and was one of Tsar Nicholas's close advisors. Before the Revolution the Grand Duke liked to spend his vacation in France, in particular in Biarritz〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Alexander Mikhailovich of Russia in the history of the Hotel du Palais, 1910 )〕 and on the Côte d'Azur where his older brother, Grand Duke Michael Mikhailovich of Russia〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Michael Mikhailovich of Russia in the history of the Hotel Carlton )〕 had financed in 1908 the construction of the Hotel Carlton in Cannes. His impact on the Tsar has been both criticized and appreciated: His memoirs document that he openly challenged the Tsaritsa Alexandra's political influence on her husband, but regretted that Nicholas did not use troops to resist the Russian revolution and admitted that he had been brought up to share the anti-Semitic views he claimed were prevalent in Russia prior to the revolution. His appeal to the Tsar, as his children approached adulthood, to relax the requirement for equal marriage for Romanov dynasts was rejected, and all seven of his children married titled but non-royal Russian aristocrats, although only his daughter obtained permission of Emperor Nicholas II to do so. When Sandro's eldest son, Andrei Aleksandrovich married at Yalta in the Crimea in 1918, the Emperor, who had abdicated on 15 March 1917, was a prisoner at Yekaterinburg with his family. They would be executed by the Bolsheviks a few days later. Grand Duke Alexander left the Crimea with his eldest son, Prince Andrei Alexandrovich and his son's new bride, Elisabetta Ruffo Di Saint Antimo, who was pregnant, in December 1918. His wife and mother-in-law, the Dowager Empress Maria Fyodorovna and his sons plus other Romanovs, were rescued from the Crimea by the British battleship HMS Marlborough in 1919. Alexander lived in Paris and wrote his memoirs. ''Once a Grand Duke'' (Farrar & Rinehart 1933) is a source of dynastical and court life in Imperial Russia's last half century. He also spent a time as guest of the future Abyssinian Emperor Ras Tafari. He talks about why he was invited to Ethiopia, in his continuation of his biography ''Always a Grand Duke''. He died in 26 February 1933 in Roquebrune-Cap-Martin in the south of France. He was buried on 1 March in Roquebrune. His wife Xenia died in Hampton Court Palace in 1960. Together Alexander and Xenia had seven children: *Princess Irina Alexandrovna (1895–1970) *Prince Andrei Alexandrovich (1897–1981) *Prince Feodor Alexandrovich (1898–1968) *Prince Nikita Alexandrovich (1900–1974) *Prince Dmitri Alexandrovich (1901–1980) *Prince Rostislav Alexandrovich (1902–1978) *Prince Vasili Alexandrovich (1907–1989) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich of Russia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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